Indian economy

    Direct & Indirect Taxes   Direct Tax   Indirect Tax     Corporation Tax   Excise Duties     Income Tax   Service Tax     Interest Tax   Central Value Added Tax (Vat)     Expenditure Tax   Sales Tax     Wealth Tax   Property Tax     Gift Tax   … Read more

Indian Public Finance Value Added Tax Under the constitution the States have the exclusive power to tax sales and purchases of goods other than newspapers There are however defects of sales tax It is regressive in nature. Families with low income a larger proportion of their income as sales tax. Has a cascading effect – … Read more

Tax Reforms in India Sience 1990 ie the liberalization of Indian economy saw the beginning of Taxation reforms in the nation. The taxation system in the nation has been subjected to consistent and comprehensive reform. Following factors arise the need for tax reforms in India:- Tax resources must be maximized for increased social sector investment in … Read more

    Components of Money Supply   M1 Consists of currency with the public (ie notes & coins in circulation minus cash with the banks)   plus demand deposits with the bank (deposits which can be withdrawn without notice) plus   other deposits with RBI (usually negligible). Also called narrow money M2 M1 + saving … Read more

Budgeting Budgeting is the process of estimating the availability of resources and then allocating them to various activities of an organization according to a pre-determined priority. In most cases, approval of a budget also means the approval to various spending units to utilize the allocated resources. Budgeting plays a criucial role in the socio-economic development … Read more

  Dadabhai Naoroji: ‘Poverty in India’ (1876) He claimed that the drain of wealth and capital from the country which started after 1757 was responsible for absence of development in India. Drain was done through trade, industry and finance Two elements of the drain That arising from the remittances by European officials of their savings, … Read more

  Commissions/Committees & Their Purpose Arjun Sen Gupta   Public Sector Enterprise Autonomy Committee         Rangarajan Committee   Disinvestment of PSUs & Balance of Payments. Malhotra Committee   Insurance Sector & its regulation. Follow up led to setting up of IRDA. Madhukar Committee   Gold exchange traded fund implementation. L.C. Gupta Committee … Read more

  The economic consequences of the British rule can be studied under three heads: Decline of Indian Handicrafts and progressive ruralisation of the Indian economy Growth of the new land system and the commercialisation of Indian agriculture Process of industrial transition of India Decline of Handicrafts While India was an exporter of Handicrafts before the … Read more

Millenium Development Goals 1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger 2. Achieve universal primary education 3. Promote gender equality and empower women 4. Reduce child mortality 5. Improve maternal health 6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases 7. Ensure environmental sustainability 8. Develop a global partnership for development