Rural-Urban Composition:

For the first time since Independence, the absolute increase in population is more in urban areas that in rural areas

Rural Population in India: 68.84%

Urban Population in India:31.16%

Level of urbanization increased from 27.81% in 2001 Census to 31.16% in 2011 Census

The proportion of rural population declined from 72.19% to 68.84%

INDIA/STATE/UT	TOTAL POPULATION	RURAL POPULATION	URBAN POPULATION	RURAL POP PERCENTAGE	URBAN POP PERCANTAGE
A & N ISLANDS	3,79,944	2,44,411	1,35,533	64.33	35.67
ANDHRA PRADESH	8,46,65,533	5,63,11,788	2,83,53,745	66.51	33.49
ARUNACHAL PRADESH	13,82,611	10,69,165	3,13,446	77.33	22.67
ASSAM	3,11,69,272	2,67,80,516	43,88,756	85.92	14.08
BIHAR	10,38,04,637	9,20,75,028	1,17,29,609	88.7	11.3
CHANDIGARH	10,54,686	29,004	10,25,682	2.75	97.25
CHHATTISGARH	2,55,40,196	1,96,03,658	59,36,538	76.76	23.24
DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI #	3,42,853	1,83,024	1,59,829	53.38	46.62
DAMAN & DIU	2,42,911	60,331	1,82,580	24.84	75.16
GOA	14,57,723	5,51,414	9,06,309	37.83	62.17
GUJARAT	6,03,83,628	3,46,70,817	2,57,12,811	57.42	42.58
HARYANA	2,53,53,081	1,65,31,493	88,21,588	65.21	34.79
HIMACHAL PRADESH	68,56,509	61,67,805	6,88,704	89.96	10.04
INDIA	1,21,01,93,422	83,30,87,662	37,71,05,760	68.84	31.16
JAMMU & KASHMIR	1,25,48,926	91,34,820	34,14,106	72.79	27.21
JHARKHAND	3,29,66,238	2,50,36,946	79,29,292	75.95	24.05
KARNATAKA	6,11,30,704	3,75,52,529	2,35,78,175	61.43	38.57
KERALA	3,33,87,677	1,74,55,506	1,59,32,171	52.28	47.72
LAKSHADWEEP	64,429	14,121	50,308	21.92	78.08
MADHYA PRADESH	7,25,97,565	5,25,37,899	2,00,59,666	72.37	27.63
MAHARASHTRA	11,23,72,972	6,15,45,441	5,08,27,531	54.77	45.23
MANIPUR	27,21,756	18,99,624	8,22,132	69.79	30.21
MEGHALAYA	29,64,007	23,68,971	5,95,036	79.92	20.08
MIZORAM	10,91,014	5,29,037	5,61,977	48.49	51.51
NAGALAND	19,80,602	14,06,861	5,73,741	71.03	28.97
NCT OF DELHI	1,67,53,235	4,19,319	1,63,33,916	2.5	97.5
ORISSA	4,19,47,358	3,49,51,234	69,96,124	83.32	16.68
PUDUCHERRY	12,44,464	3,94,341	8,50,123	31.69	68.31
PUNJAB	2,77,04,236	1,73,16,800	1,03,87,436	62.51	37.49
RAJASTHAN	6,86,21,012	5,15,40,236	1,70,80,776	75.11	24.89
SIKKIM	6,07,688	4,55,962	1,51,726	75.03	24.97
TAMIL NADU	7,21,38,958	3,71,89,229	3,49,49,729	51.55	48.45
TRIPURA	36,71,032	27,10,051	9,60,981	73.82	26.18
UTTAR PRADESH	19,95,81,477	15,51,11,022	4,44,70,455	77.72	22.28
UTTARAKHAND	1,01,16,752	70,25,583	30,91,169	69.45	30.55
WEST BENGAL	9,13,47,736	6,22,13,676	2,91,34,060	68.11	31.89

Age Structure:

Age- sex structure is one of the most important characteristics of population composition. Almost all population characteristics vary significantly with age.

Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation’s key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.

Below is the age structure of India:

0-14 years: 27.71% (male 186,420,229/female 164,611,755)
15-24 years: 17.99% (male 121,009,850/female 106,916,692)
25-54 years: 40.91% (male 267,203,029/female 251,070,105)
55-64 years: 7.3% (male 46,398,574/female 46,105,489)
65 years and over: 6.09% (male 36,549,003/female 40,598,872) (2016 est.)

Sex Ratio:

Sex ratio is used to describe the number of females per 1000 of males. Sex ratio is a valuable source for finding the population of women in India and what is the ratio of women to that of men in India.

In the Population Census of 2011 it was revealed that the population ratio in India 2011 is 940 females per 1000 of males. The Sex Ratio 2011 shows an upward trend from the census 2001 data. Census 2001 revealed that there were 933 females to that of 1000 males.

While Kerala with sex ratio of 1084 top the list, Daman and Diu with sex ratio of 618 is at the bottom of the list.

Below is the list of states according to the sex ration. In the list we can see the states with good sex ratio.

		2011 Census
S.No.	State	Sex Ratio	Child Sexratio
–	India	943	919
1	Kerala	1084	964
2	Puducherry	1037	967
3	Tamil Nadu	996	943
4	Andhra Pradesh	993	939
5	Chhattisgarh	991	969
6	Meghalaya	989	970
7	Manipur	985	930
8	Orissa	979	941
9	Mizoram	976	970

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Age structure, sex ratio and Rural-Urban composition of India